In the gastrocnemius muscle, only the density of oxidative fibres was reduced in LPMid compared with control offspring ( P = 0♰19, Diet × Fibre type interaction), with the density of slow fibres being increased in LPAll males compared with control ( P = 0♰24, Diet × Sex × Fibre type interaction). In the soleus muscle, both the total number and density of fast fibres were reduced in LPMid females ( P = 0♰04 for both, Diet × Sex × Fibre type interactions), while both the total number and density of glycolytic (non-oxidative) fibres were reduced in LPEarly, LPMid and LPLate (but not LPAll) offspring compared with controls ( P < 0♰01 for both, Diet × Fibre type interaction). The muscle fibre number and composition in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles of the offspring were studied at 4 weeks of age. Pregnant rats were fed a control or low-protein (LP) diet at early (days 0–7 gestation, LPEarly), mid (days 8–14, LPMid), late (days 15–22, LPLate) or throughout gestation (days 0–22, LPAll). This study assessed the impact of reduced dietary protein during specific periods of fetal life upon muscle fibre development in young rats.
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